Majority of the round holes were situated in the areas of lattice change and did not show any vitreo-retinal traction. Vitreo-retinal traction was consistently found with horse shoe and oval tears. ĭifferent types of breaks met with were as follows:Round holes 36, horse shoe 8, oval 2, irregular 2, slit Tear 1, abnormal oral fold with break 2. Study of the distribution of the breaks revealed that the maximum occurance of these was in the upper temporal quadrant and the lowest in the lower nasal quadrant.
Pigmented lattice degeneration Patch#
These were often situated at the ends of degeneration patch or at its posterior border. In twenty patients the breaks were within the area of degeneration. Twelve persons were not affected by the lattice degeneration. Of these, 2 patients had lattice degeneration in the other eye, and in 6 patients areas of lattice away from the break in the same eye was seen. In 20 cases, the breaks were situated in the areas not affected by the lattice degeneration. Retinal breaks were noted in 40 cases, an overall incidence of 13.3%.
In 10 instances marked degenerative changes in the vitreous humour were noted. Vitreoretinal adhesion was found mainly along the posterior edge of the lesion. While few pigmented spots were frequently found within the area of degeneration, well marked pigmentation of the entire lesion or along its posterior border was found in 13 patients. Majority of the cases showed retinal thinning, and the presence of white dots in the centre of the lesion. The typical appearance of cross hatch white lines was found in 11 patients. The temporal quadrants and the vertical meridian were affected more often than the nasal quadrants and the horizontal meridian, which had the least incidence of these lesions. Equatorial distribution of the degenerative areas was noted in 8 patients and in the remaining cases the distribution was in the peripheral zone of the fundus. Among those with unilateral involvement a definite predilection for the left eye was found. While bilateral lesions were noted in 22, the remaining 38 cases had only one eye affected. Lattice degeneration was found to be present in 60 cases, an overall incidence of 20%. Majority of the patients belonged to the age groups between ten and fifty years. Of the 300 patients examined, 154 were males and 146 were females. The results were statistically evaluated. The 3 mirror Goldman lens examination was performed whenever necessary. They were subjected to a detailed examination with binocular indirect ophthalmoscope including ora seriata indentation. The Material for this study consists of 300 patients attending the out patient department for symptoms not related to the retinal pathology, selected at random. The present study was undertaken to note the incidence of these changes in our population. Statistical reports from living population about this problem in our country are not many. Study of the incidence of the lattice degeneration and of the retinal breaks in eyes without retinal detachment is helpful to understand the problem of retinal separation. Lattice degeneration occupies an important place in the causation of retinal breaks.
It is widely accepted that all retinal breaks do not lead to retinal detachment. Surgical closure of retinal breaks resulting in the reattachment of the retina, firmly established their aetiological significance in retinal detachment.
Prevalance of the lattice degeneration and of the retinal breaks
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